Rice Artificial Pollination (Crossing) Methods and Hybrid Seed Formation Indicators

Abstract

This article presents the results of obtaining hybrid seeds through crossing (artificial pollination) in rice under Karakalpakstan conditions and evaluating their effectiveness. In the studies, "Sanam", "Guliston", "Javohir", "Brilliant" varieties and several lines were involved as female and male parents.

Crossing work was carried out according to IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) methodology: emasculation was performed before flowering, male pollen was applied manually, and panicles were isolated with bags. The results showed that the formation rate of hybrid seeds varied from 1.87% to 4.85% depending on combinations. The highest efficiency was observed in combinations "65-06-1 × Guliston" (4.85%) and "Javohir × Sanam" (4.67%). The obtained results are of great importance for creating hybrid populations in the future and serve as genetic material for creating high-yielding, quality rice varieties.